Terminology Trauma mechanism Open distal intra-articular tibial fractures are commonly caused by high-energy trauma, including road traffic accidents, falls from height, occupational injuries, sports injuries, and interpersonal violence. These injuries predominantly affect young adults, more frequently males. Because these fractures are open and involve the articular surface, they carry a substantial risk of infection, which […]
Terminology Trauma mechanism Proximal tibia fractures are often caused by road traffic accidents. Other mechanisms include falls from height, industrial accidents, and assaults. The mechanism often involves axial loading combined with valgus or varus stress on the knee. A valgus force primarily affects the lateral tibial condyle, while a varus force tends to collapse the […]
Terminology Distal femoral zone as defined by the Heim square. Trauma mechanism Open distal femur fractures are often the result of high-energy trauma and affect young, otherwise healthy patients. Typical mechanisms include motorcycle or car accidents (dashboard injuries) or falls from height. The classic mechanism is a direct blow to a flexed knee. Axial load […]
Terminology Femoral shaft zone Trauma mechanism Open femoral shaft fractures are often the result of high-energy trauma and affect young, otherwise healthy patients.1 Typical mechanisms include road traffic accidents or falls from height. The classic mechanism involves high-energy forces acting on the femur, such as direct impact, bending, or rotational stress. These forces disrupt the […]
